Ukulawulwa kwesivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa kuvame ukubhekisela ohlelweni olunjalo lwe-electromechanical: i-induction motor yokulawulwa kwesivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa, i-frequency converter, isilawuli esihleliwe kanye namanye amadivayisi ahlakaniphile, ama-terminal actuators kanye nesofthiwe yokulawula, njll., kwakha uhlelo lokulawulwa kwesivinini se-AC oluvulekile noma oluvaliwe. Lolu hlobo lwesistimu yokulawula isivinini luthatha indawo yohlelo lwendabuko lokulawula isivinini semishini kanye nohlelo lokulawula isivinini se-DC esimweni esingakaze sibonwe ngaphambili, okuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokuzenzakalela kwemishini kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, futhi kwenza imishini ibe mincane futhi ihlakaniphe kakhulu.
Uma sibheka ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwazo zonke izinjini ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini, cishe ama-70% ezinjini asetshenziswa emithwalweni yabalandeli kanye nephampu. Izinzuzo zokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi emithwalweni enjalo zisobala: izinzuzo ezinkulu zomnotho kanye nemiphumela eqhubekayo emphakathini. Ngokusekelwe nje enjongweni engenhla, ukulawulwa kwesivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa yemoto ye-AC kusetshenziswa kabanzi. Isibonelo, ku-air conditioner ye-inverter, lapho izinga lokushisa elibekwe yi-air conditioner lehlisiwe, kuyadingeka kuphela ukulawula ijubane lemoto ukuze wehlise futhi unciphise amandla okushayela okukhiphayo.
Ngaphezu kokonga amandla nokuba lula ukuwazisa nokuwasebenzisa, amamotha angenazo izilinganiso eziguquguqukayo alawula isivinini anenzuzo yokuqala kalula, futhi asikho isidingo sokuhlola ukusebenza kokuqala. Inkinga ebalulekile kuphela okudingeka ixazululwe yile: ukuzivumelanisa kwemoto namandla e-non-sine wave kumele kuthuthukiswe.
Isimiso sokusebenza sokuguqula imvamisa
Isiguquli semvamisa esisisebenzisayo ikakhulukazi sisebenzisa imodi ye-AC-DC-AC (ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa ye-VVVF noma ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa yokulawula i-vector). Okokuqala, amandla emvamisa ye-AC aguqulwa abe amandla e-DC nge-rectifier, bese amandla e-DC aguqulwa abe yi-AC enamandla emvamisa ne-voltage elawulwayo ukuze anikeze injini. Isekethe yesiguquli semvamisa ngokuvamile yakhiwe izingxenye ezine: ukulungiswa, isixhumanisi se-DC esiphakathi, i-inverter kanye nokulawula. Ingxenye yokulungiswa iyi-rectifier engalawulwa yebhuloho enezigaba ezintathu, ingxenye ye-inverter iyi-inverter yebhuloho enezigaba ezintathu ye-IGBT, kanti umphumela uyi-waveform ye-PWM, kanti isixhumanisi se-DC esiphakathi siyahlunga, isitoreji samandla se-DC kanye namandla okusabela e-buffering.
Ukulawulwa kwemvamisa sekuyindlela yokulawula isivinini esetshenziswa kabanzi ekudluliseni okungenazinyathelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwama-frequency converters emkhakheni wokulawula izimboni, ukusetshenziswa kwama-frequency converter motors sekusabalele kakhulu. Kungashiwo ukuthi ngenxa yokuphakama kwama-frequency converter motors ekulawulweni kwemvamisa ngaphezu kwama-frequency converter avamile, noma ngabe kusetshenziswa kuphi ama-frequency converter, akunzima ukubona isithombe se-frequency converter motor.
Ukuhlolwa kwemoto yemvamisa eguquguqukayo ngokuvamile kudinga ukunikezwa amandla yi-frequency converter. Njengoba imvamisa yokukhipha ye-frequency converter inobubanzi bokuhlukahluka, futhi igagasi le-PWM lokukhipha liqukethe ama-harmonics acebile, i-transformer yendabuko kanye nemitha yamandla ayisakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokulinganisa zokuhlolwa. Isihlaziyi samandla okuguqulwa kwemvamisa kanye nesidluliseli samandla okuguqulwa kwemvamisa, njll.
Ibhentshi lokuhlola izimoto elijwayelekile liwuhlobo olusha lohlelo lokuhlola olwethulwe uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ezimoto ukuphendula ukonga amandla nokunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya. Ibhentshi lokuhlola izimoto elijwayelekile lenza uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lube olujwayelekile futhi lusebenzise kahle, luthuthukisa ukuthembeka kohlelo, lwenza inqubo yokufaka nokulungisa amaphutha ibe lula, futhi lunciphise izindleko zohlelo.
Izici ezikhethekile zemoto yokuguqulwa kwemvamisa
Umklamo wokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa le-Class B, ukukhiqizwa kokufakwa kokushisa kwe-class F. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokufakelwa kokushisa ze-polymer kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza i-varnish efakwe ingcindezi ye-vacuum kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo esikhethekile sokufakwa kokushisa kwenza ukufakwa kokushisa komoya kagesi kumelane ne-voltage kanye namandla omshini kuthuthukiswe kakhulu, okwanele ukusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu semoto kanye nokumelana nomthelela wamanje wemvamisa ephezulu kanye ne-voltage ye-inverter. Ukulimala kokufakwa kokushisa.
Injini yokuguqula imvamisa inekhwalithi ephezulu yokulinganisela, kanti izinga lokudlidliza liyizinga le-R. Ukunemba komshini wezingxenye zemishini kuphezulu, futhi kusetshenziswa amabheringi akhethekile anokunemba okuphezulu, angasebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.
Injini yokuguqula imvamisa isebenzisa uhlelo lokupholisa umoya oluphoqelelwe kanye nohlelo lokusabalalisa ukushisa, futhi bonke abalandeli bokugeleza kwe-axial abangenisiwe bathule kakhulu, bahlala isikhathi eside, futhi banomoya onamandla. Iqinisekisa ukushabalaliswa kokushisa okusebenzayo kwenjini nganoma yisiphi isivinini, futhi ikwazi ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngesivinini esikhulu noma ngesivinini esiphansi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nemoto yemvamisa eguquguqukayo yendabuko, inebanga lesivinini elibanzi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yomklamo. Umklamo wensimu yamagnetic ekhethekile ucindezela kakhulu insimu yamagnetic ye-harmonic ephezulu ukuze ihlangabezane nezinkomba zomklamo we-broadband, ukonga amandla kanye nomsindo ophansi. Inezici eziningi zokulawula i-torque engaguquki kanye nesivinini samandla, ukulawulwa kwesivinini okuzinzile, kanye nokungabikho kwe-torque eguquguqukayo.
Inokufanisa okuhle kwamapharamitha nama-frequency converters ahlukahlukene. Isebenzisana nokulawula i-vector, ingafeza i-torque egcwele ngesivinini esingekho, i-torque ephezulu enemvamisa ephansi kanye nokulawula isivinini okunembile, ukulawula isikhundla kanye nokulawula impendulo esheshayo enamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-05-2023